Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Diabetes teams need to keep electronic data records for supporting participation in the National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA), and other governance activities. NPDA benchmarks diabetes services against each other, and services are keen to make sure their data is accurate so that it gives a good reflection of their service. Twinkle is a specialised database that is widely used for this purpose.Twinkle allows units to produce specific rep...

Background: During childhood, growth hormone (GH) doses are usually calculated using total body weight (TBW). This may result in inappropriately high doses in obese children where the intravascular compartment does not increase in proportion with the increase in weight, as the volume of distribution of GH is consistent with the majority of the drug being distributed in the total body water compartment.Methods: Single centre, retrospective cohort study of...

A 76 years old previously healthy gentleman presented with severe hypercalcaemia (5.19 mmol/l;, 2.1–2.55) and raised Parathyroid Hormone (PTH, 37 pmol/l, 1.6–7.2) after a three weeks history of confusion, diarrhoea, and weight loss. There were no other focal symptoms and family history was not significant. Other significant findings included mild recent hyponatraemia (132 mmol/l;, 136–145), acute kidney injury (urea 16.1 mmol/l, 3.2–7.4, creatinine 177 umol/l, 63–111), low vit...

Background: In March 2022, NICE guidelines advised that real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) be offered to all children and young people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Using rtCGM alongside the hybrid closed loop system (HCLS), has transformed management of T1DM in adults and children alike by linking insulin delivery to sensor glucose levels.Aim: To evaluate how the T-Slim pump with control IQ HCLS aff...

In a register-based and case-control studies it has been shown that daughters of women with or without PCOS have a five-fold increased risk of being diagnosed with the syndrom. Moreover, sons born to a mother with PCOS have two to three-fold increased risk of being obese. But how PCOS is inherited is unclear as PCOS loci identified by genome-wide association studies account for only 10% of the heritability. It has been suggested that epigenetic and developmental programming co...

The etiology of PCOS is not well understood, but genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors have all been implicated in its development. Clinical evidence suggests that excessive secretion of sex steroids, in particular androgens, plays a role in the pathophysiology of PCOS. The main metabolic phenotype is hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance (IR). These often precede the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and occur independently of body weight, although obe...

Introduction: Male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is a consequence of congenital or acquired diseases that affect the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland. In HH, secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is absent or inadequate. Diagnosis during adulthood (after normal puberty) suggests an acquired etiology. Acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can be caused by drugs, infectious or infiltrative lesions, systemic diseases, radiation and TBI. Post-TBI neuroendocri...

Introduction: Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) is one of the most common causes of secondary amenorrhea. There are three types of FHA: weight loss-related, stress-related, and exercise-related amenorrhea. The latter is fairly common among competitive athletes. Currently the Olympic Committee includes amenorrhea in the “Relative Energy Deficiency Syndrome in Sport (RED-S)”. The syndrome of RED-S refers to impaired physiological function including metabolic rat...

SARS-CoV2 can induce multiple immunological and endocrinological changes. Diabetes and thyroid disorders tend to coexist in patients. Both conditions involve a dysfunction of the endocrine system. Thyroid disorders can have a major impact on glucose control. On one hand, thyroid hormones contribute to the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and pancreatic function, and on the other hand, diabetes affects thyroid function tests to variable extents. SARS-CoV-2 uses ACE2 recept...

Background: Tumour growth is critically dependent on blood perfusion, its source of oxygen and nutrients. Therefore, tumour vascularization has become an attractive target for the treatment of many cancers types. The study of endocrine-responsive tumours, in particular, needs improved platforms to screen drugs targeting vascularization that have better resolution and that do not compromise on inter-individual variability.Aim: Hence, we’ve set out to...